you work it from the bits so you've got:
[128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1] (this is one byte - each individual piece is called a bit) and to get a number (say 17) you put a 1 under the bit to add up the numbers that make 17. in this case, [0(128)0(64)0(32)1(16)0(8)0(4)0(2)1(1)] everywhere else with...