the aligned mark is a combination of your moderated school assessment mark and your HSC exam mark (which is aligned to band descriptors eg 80% in maths raw might meet the band 6 descriptor and be aligned to 90%). They moderate your marks from this scaled mark. if u were top in the year for eg maths and ur school assessment was 78%, it will be aligned to the top mark achieved by someone from ur school in the subject. if the top person got 90% for the exam mark (after aligning to bands) and you got 88% for the exam mark. u would get 90% for your moderated assessment mark + the 88% you got in the exam =89%
this mark out of 100 which the board of studies calculates, then goes to uac and they place a value on the subjects you do and rescale it before making up your aggregate score which is ranked against the rest of the states scores.
for example
this HSc aligned mark in maths goes to the uac and they may scale it up or down depending on what they think of the difficulty of the test or candidature. it would usually be scaled down to about 83 or there abouts. This mark along with your other best units would be added to form the aggregate and then ranked against the state to get ur uai.