lol..that is a huge question....and hence a huge answer....lets start....
The
planning cycle is the continuous series of financial activates that take place as a biz plans to move from one pt to another over time.
1. Addressing Present Financial Position
- colelcting financial data to make future plans
2. Determining Financial Elements of the Biz Plan
- The financial elements of the biz plan include an analysis of:
Revenue statement
Cash flow statement
Balance sheet
Cost-volume-profit analysis
Financial ratios.
3. Developing Budgets
- the biz develops 3 types of budgets: operating, project or financial budgets
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Operating budgets relate to the main activates of an org and may include:
`Sales production
`Expenses
`Raw materials, labour hours
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Project budgets relate to:
`K expenditure
`R&D
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Financial budgets relate to the financial data of an org and may include:
`Revenue statement
`Balance sheet
`Cash flow statement
4. Monitoring Cash Flow
This invovles examining cash flow budgets, profitability, opening balance (how much $ the biz had b4 operation) and closing balance (how much they have after operations ie: opening - expenditure )
5. Interpretating Financial Reports
Financial reports show what the org plans to achieve by the end of a period.
6. Maintaining Record Systems
Record systems are used to ensure that data are recorded and the info provided by record system is accurate, reliable, efficient and accessible.
7. Planning Financial Controls
financial controls are used to ensure that biz's oeprations are achieved in the most effient way...to achieve efficency..biz compare and contrast acutal performance with planned performance
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Variance reports show the difference between budgeted and actual performance.
8. Minimising Financial Risks and Losses
Financial risk is the risk of not being able to repay a debt as it falls due, in the ST or the LT. this may result to bankruptcy or insolvency.
biz usually uses
hedging and
derivatives (a contract to secure a price of a product in the fluctuating price movements in the future)
aniwayz if you don't get that..try to read the Syks and Codsi textbook, it is a lot simpler than the Chapman.
hope this helps..
truly in bliss